Using Bootstrap Fourier Granger Causality Test in Quantiles to Re-examine Pollution Haven/Halo Hypotheses in China and G3 Countries

Authors

  • Chang Tsangyao Feng Chia University (FCU), Department of Finance, Taiwan
  • Sheng-Tung Chen Feng Chia University (FCU), Department of Public Finance, Taiwan
  • Mei-Chih Wang National Taichung University of Science and Technology (NTCUST), Department of Insurance and Finance, Taiwan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN220609002C

Keywords:

Pollution haven/pollution halo hypotheses , Bootstrap fourier Granger causality , Quantile , FDI , CO2 emissions , China , G3 countries , Environment

Abstract

We re-examine the Pollution Haven and Pollution Halo hypotheses (PHEH and PHALH) using a quantile-based Bootstrap Fourier Granger causality test, a method adept at identifying non-linear structural breaks. Our study encompasses data from China and the G3 countries (Japan, the UK, and the USA) spanning the period from 1980 to 2020. Our empirical findings reveal that data from the USA corroborates the PHEH, suggesting a trend where increased foreign direct investment (FDI) aligns with higher environmental degradation. In contrast, data from China affirms the PHALH, indicating that FDI contributes to improved environmental standards. However, data from Japan and the UK do not conclusively support either hypothesis. These results have significant implications for governmental policy formulation in China and the G3 countries, particularly in shaping FDI policies that align with environmental sustainability goals.

JEL: Q56, F18, C32, F21, Q54

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Chang Tsangyao, Feng Chia University (FCU), Department of Finance, Taiwan

 

 

 

Sheng-Tung Chen, Feng Chia University (FCU), Department of Public Finance, Taiwan

 

 

 

Downloads

Published

2024-01-13

How to Cite

Tsangyao, C., Chen, S.-T., & Wang, M.-C. (2024). Using Bootstrap Fourier Granger Causality Test in Quantiles to Re-examine Pollution Haven/Halo Hypotheses in China and G3 Countries. Panoeconomicus, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN220609002C

Issue

Forthcoming

Section

Original scientific paper